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อ่านผลงานวิจัยในจดหมายข่าว Academy Express-Asia Pacific Edition ฉบับย้อนหลัง

January 2021    February 2021     March 2021        April 2021        May 2021      June 2021

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Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 18 Dec 2021

Yttrium aluminium garnet lasers improved meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with baggy eyelids

Investigators studied the effectiveness and safety of upper and lower eyelid treatment with combined application of three modes of 2940-nm erbium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) and 1064-nm neodymium- doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers in patients with baggy eyelids who exhibited meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). The primary endpoint was meibum quality score at 16- and 24-week follow- ups; secondary endpoints were ocular surface index scores, tear film lipid layer thicknesses, tear break up times (TBUTs), Oxford scheme grades, and meibography grades at 16- and 24-week follow-ups. The results showed significantly improved meibum quality in patients with MGD; it ameliorated symptoms and signs of dry eye disease at 4 weeks after completion of laser

treatment. Clinical Ophthalmology, July 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34295145/

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 11 Dec 2021

Steroid therapy in combination with endoscopic optic nerve decompression for direct traumatic optic neuropathy: a case-series

The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 13 patients (15 eyes) with direct traumatic optic neuropathy to evaluate the outcomes of steroid therapy in combination with endoscopic optic nerve decompression surgery. The main outcome was visual acuity improvement after the treatment. Despite poor prognosis of the disease, prompt treatment with this combined protocol provided a favorable success rate, with most patients having stable vision and nearly half having visual improvement by reducing intracanalicular pressure of the optic nerve. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, July 2021

http://www.jmatonline.com/index.php/jmat/article/view/12657

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 4 Dec 2021

Visual outcome of endogenous endophthalmitis tied to initial visual acuity

The investigators evaluated 10-year visual outcomes of patients with endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) in Thailand. Thirty-eight patients (40 eyes) were diagnosed with EE at the mean age of 42. Among the identifiable pathogens (71.1% culture positive), the causative agents were predominantly gram-negative bacteria (48.1%). The most common species was Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.9%). About a quarter of the patients required surgical eye removal, and of the remaining 45.7% had visual acuity (VA) worse than hand motion at one month after the infectious episode. Poor initial visual acuity is the only prognostic factor of a poor early post-treatment visual outcome of EE. Scientific Reports, July 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34253792/

November 2021

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 13 Nov 2021

Clinic-based eye disease screening by non-expert personnel is useful for diagnosis

Investigators looked to determine the accuracy of visual acuity, tonometry, and fundus photography tests by non-ophthalmic personnel for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and cataract, from each of 3 enrolling clinics, Patients 250 years old were screened, and those with positive screening test results in either eye and a 10% random sample with negative results in both eyes were referred for an ophthalmology examination. Fundus photography screening had the highest yield for DR (sensitivity: 67%); visual acuity screening for cataract (sensitivity:89%), and intraocular pressure screening for glaucoma or suspected glaucoma (sensitivity: 25%), The burden of disease was relatively high, with at least 1 of the diseases of Interest detected in 25% of participants from the diabetes clinic, 34% from the thyroid clinic, and 21% from the general clinic. American Journal of Ophthalmology, July 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33823160/

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 6 Nov 2021

Long-term outcomes of Boston Type I keratoprosthesis

This study reviewed the long-term outcomes, anatomical retention, and complications of Boston type I keratoprosthesis (KPro) in retrospective, Interventional case studies, Over the mean follow-up time of 83.4 ± 28.4 months, 56% of eyes demonstrated improved best-corrected visual acuity. The anatomical retention rate was 89%, and the functional success rate was 44% (retained KPro with BCVA ≥ 3/60), Eyes with ocular surface disease (OSD) had significantly more complications than those without OSD. The most common complications were retroprostetic membrane formation (56%) and Infection (48%), Infection Incidence

was significantly lower in eyes using topical 0.1% amphotericin B and 5% povidone lodine. Boston type I KPro could be an alternative treatment for patients with conventional PKP failure, especially with appropriate patient selection and complication prevention. Standard prophylactic antibiotics with the addition of topical 0.1% amphotericin B and 5% povidone iodine might be optional effective regimens for infection prevention, especially in tropical countries. American Journal of Ophthalmology, June 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34102154/

October 2021

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 30 Oct 2021

Outcome of simple limbal epithelial transplantation for limbal stem cell deficiency verified

This study evaluated the efficacy and outcome of simple limbal epithelial transplantation (SLET) both autologous SLET (autoSLET) and living-related allogenic SLET (Lr-alloSLET) for limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) using epithelial phenotype detection (impression cytology with immunofluorescence staining: ICIF, in vivo confocal microscopy: IVCM, and immunohistochemistry analysis), integrated with clinical manifestation. The efficacy of SLET was excellent with an overall survival rate of 89.3% at 2 years and 75.6% at 3 years with no difference between autoSLET and Lr-alloSLET. Visual improvement was achieved in both SLET groups. Limbal explants can regenerate and restore the corneal surface while maintaining the characteristics of limbal stem cells as shown by epithelial phenotype detection and immunohistochemistry integrated with clinical evaluation. Ocular Surface, June 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34214675/

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 23 Oct 2021

Radiological characteristics of extraocular muscles in patients with MG with ocular manifestations

In this case-control study, researchers used magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan to analyze radiological characteristics of the extraocular muscles (EOMs) in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) with ocular manifestations, compared to a control group. Atrophic EOMs were frequently found in the MG group, particularly in chronic cases. The results highlight the importance of muscle involvement in MG and may be helpful for clinical decision-making, Clinical Ophthalmology, June 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34103891/

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 16 Oct 2021

Comparison of ocular complications and efficacy of PST vs. PTS botulinum toxin injection in BEB

This randomized controlled trial recruited 24 participants who visited a botulinum toxin clinic. Each participant received preseptal (PST) BONT injection in one eye and pretarsal (PTS) BoNT injection in the fellow eye to address benign essential blepharospasm (BEB). Symptoms were recorded and measured 1 and 3 months after injection. All participants were examined by a single investigator, who was masked to the injection allocation. There was a statistically significant higher rate of self-reported lagophthalmos in PTS (52.17%) than with PST (30.43%). Efficacy and other complication outcomes were not statistically significant between the injection techniques. American Journal of Ophthalmology, May 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33965414/

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 9 Oct 2021

The ocular microbiome is compromised in Stevens-Johnson syndrome

The ocular surface microbiome maintains ocular surface homeostasis, and since it is continuously exposed to the external environment, its microbiome, tears, and local Immunity are vital for maintaining normal conditions and preventing pathogen colonization, which commonly leads to opportunistic infection. Several approaches were applied to Identify the ocular microbiome, including conventional culture techniques and molecular sequencing techniques: Using 16s rRNA sequencing, alterations in the type, proportion, and composition of bacterial communities were observed in SJS patients compared to the healthy group; and conventional culture techniques indicated a higher number of positive bacterial cultures in the SJS group, SJS causes structural changes in the ocular surface and significantly affects Its microbiome. Treatment using prebiotics and probiotics to re-establish the normal ocular ecosystem and bring back a healthy ocular surface awaits confirmation. Frontiers in Medicine (Lausanne), May 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34026783/

Academy Express ฉบับวันที่ 2 Oct 2021

Meibomian glands dropout in patients with inactive thyroid related orbitopathy

This crass-sectional study evaluated the structure and function of meibomian glands in 106 eves of 53 patients with thyroid related orbitopathy (TRO) compared with 106 eyes of 53 age- and sex-matched controls without TRO and demonstrated the significantly higher meibomian gland dropout in patients with inactive TRO. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that ophthalmologists should examine meibomian glands' structure, in addition to their function, for early detection, management, and prevention of further meibomian gland destruction in patients with inactive TRO. PLOS ONE, April 2021

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33886675/